# Stochastic logistic model # with variation in R0 & K possible N0=50; T=15 muR0=0.2; sdR0=0 muK=100; sdK=0 sdObs=0; N=matrix(NA,T+1,1) N[1]=N0 Nobs=matrix(NA,T+1,1) Nobs[1]=N0+rnorm(1,0,sdObs) for (t in 1:T){ R0=rnorm(1,muR0,sdR0) K =rnorm(1,muK,sdK) N[t+1]=N[t]*(1+R0*(1-N[t]/K)) Nobs[t+1]=N[t+1]+rnorm(1,0,sdObs) } Nmax=max(max(Nobs),max(N)) Nmin=min(min(Nobs),min(N)) plot(1:(T+1),N,"o",ylim=c(0,130),xlab='Year', main=c('avg N =', round(mean(N[10:T]),2))) abline(h=muK,col='red',lwd=3) points(1:(T+1),Nobs,"o",col='blue')