1. Understand the principles and concepts of GIS, including geospatial data models, coordinate systems, and map
     projections. Demonstrate proficiencyin using GIS software for geospatial data analysis and visualization.

2. Develop skills in applying geospatial analysis techniques to solve real-world problems. Learnto use GIS tools
    for querying, geospatial statistics, and geoprocessing to interpret and analyze geographic data.

3. Acquire knowledge in methods of collecting, storing, and managing geospatial data. Understandthe processes
    of data creation, including GPS data collection, remote sensing, and digitization of maps and images.

4. Explore the applications of GIS across different disciplines in the Earth Sciences.Understand how GIS is used for
    hypothesis-testing, decision-making, and policy development in these fields.

5. Demonstrate proficiency in emerging GIS fields, such as web-based GIS, mobile GIS, and geospatial big data
    analytics.Develop an understanding of how these advancements are shaping the future of geographic
    information science and technology.

6. Develop skills in collecting geospatial data and assessing remotely-sensed geospatial data.